דילוג לתוכן

פראג · כ״ח חשון תשפ״ז

שבת השבוע · 16:02–17:11

סמל

Tefillin

תְּפִלִּיןtefillin
ממתין לבדיקת מומחים

Two black leather boxes containing Torah parchments, bound with straps to the arm and head during weekday morning prayer.

התרגום לעברית בהכנה. מוצג הטקסט המקורי.

01

מקור

מקרא

Four times the Torah commands keeping God's words "as a sign on your hand and as frontlets between your eyes".1,2,3,4

02

משמעות

פרשנות⁂ לאימות

Tefillin on the arm opposite the heart and on the head express that both feeling and thought are to be bound to the service of God.5

03

שימוש

הלכה

The boxes contain four passages: Exodus 13:1–10, Exodus 13:11–16, Deuteronomy 6:4–9 and Deuteronomy 11:13–21; in the head tefillin on four parchments, in the arm tefillin on one.6

הלכה

They are worn during morning prayer on weekdays, not on Shabbat and festivals, which are themselves a "sign".7,8

הלכה

The order of the passages in the boxes differs according to Rashi and Rabbeinu Tam; some wear both kinds.9

04

התפתחות היסטורית

היסטוריה

Tefillin from the Second Temple period have been found at Qumran. The Greek name phylakterion ("protective object") appears in the New Testament.10

05

מסורות קשורות

מנהג

Boys begin wearing tefillin in connection with their bar mitzvah, in many communities several weeks beforehand.

הלכה

Orthodox practice does not prescribe tefillin for women; the Talmud mentions that Michal, daughter of Saul, wore them. The Conservative movement encourages women to take on this commandment.11

שאלות נפוצות

Why are tefillin not worn on Shabbat?

Tefillin are a "sign"; Shabbat and festivals are themselves a sign of the covenant, so they do not need them.

On which arm are tefillin placed?

On the weaker arm – for a right-handed person the left – on the muscle opposite the heart.

Are tefillin an amulet?

No. The Greek name suggests protection, but halakhically they are the fulfillment of a commandment.

מקורות

ספרות משנית

  1. 10Encyclopaedia Judaica, 2nd ed.

ראו גם